The Role of Unmanned Aerial Systems in Conventional and Asymmetric Battlefields

Abstract

Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS), commonly known as drones, have transformed the landscape of modern warfare by providing real-time surveillance, precision strikes, and logistical support in both conventional and asymmetric battlefields. Their cost-effectiveness, versatility, and reduced risk to human soldiers make them a critical component of 21st-century military operations. This paper explores the expanding role of UAS, analyzing their strategic importance in state militaries as well as their adoption by non-state actors. The study examines their application in counterterrorism operations, border security, and hybrid conflicts, while also addressing ethical concerns, international regulations, and the threat of proliferation. Case studies from conflicts in the Middle East, South Asia, and Eastern Europe demonstrate how drones are reshaping battlefield dynamics and altering traditional doctrines of warfare. The paper concludes by highlighting the need for robust counter-UAS technologies, legal frameworks, and strategic policies to ensure balanced use of unmanned systems in future conflicts.