International Journal for Conventional and Non-Conventional Warfare
type: channel
description: The International Journal for Conventional and Non-Conventional Warfare aims to provide a multidisciplinary platform for scholars, practitioners, and policymakers to explore the complexities of warfare in both conventional and non-conventional contexts. This journal invites rigorous research and critical analyses that address the evolving nature of conflict, encompassing traditional military strategies and innovative approaches such as cyber warfare, insurgency, and hybrid warfare. We encourage submissions that examine historical, political, sociocultural, and technological dimensions of warfare, fostering dialogue and advancing understanding of contemporary security challenges. Ultimately, the journal seeks to contribute to the development of effective strategies and policies in an increasingly complex global landscape.
publisher: researchcorrido
language: en
publication name: International Journal for Conventional and Non-Conventional Warfare
issn: 3078-2988
copyright: This is an open access journal which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of open access. Articles are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
items: Role of CPEC in Shaping Geopolitics of the Indian Ocean (2014–2024)
items: The Role of Unmanned Aerial Systems in Conventional and Asymmetric Battlefields
items: Psychological Operations and Information Warfare: Tools of Influence in the 21st Century
items: Hybrid Warfare Tactics: Blending Conventional and Irregular Approaches in Modern Conflicts
items: Cyber Warfare as the Fifth Domain: Emerging Challenges and Strategic Responses
items: Investigating Climatic Impacts on Electric Transmission Infrastructure in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Pakistan (2020-2023)
items: The Evolution of Guerrilla Warfare: Lessons from Historical Conflicts
items: Information Warfare and the Battle for Public Perception
items: Urban Warfare Strategies and Challenges in Dense Population Centers
items: Private Military Contractors The Rise of Outsourced Warfare
items: The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Modern Warfare
items: Impact of cyber-attacks on national security and international relations
items: Biological and Chemical Weapons: Contemporary Threats and Responses
items: Counterterrorism Strategies in the Age of Global Insurgency
items: Hybrid Warfare: Blurring the Lines Between Conventional and Non-Conventional Tactics
items: Economic Warfare: Sanctions, Embargoes, and their Strategic Use
items: Criminal Justice Reform in Islamic and International Law: Towards a Unified Framework
items: Sovereignty, International Law, and Islamic Governance: A Comparative Analysis
items: Cybersecurity and Islamic Law: Navigating the Challenges of the Digital Age
items: Islamic Perspectives on Climate Change: Legal and Ethical Implications for International Law
items: Islamic Criminal Law and International Justice: Balancing Tradition with Global Norms `
items: Environmental Stewardship in Islamic Jurisprudence: Legal Frameworks for the Future
items: The Role of Islamic Finance in Global Economic Stability and Security
items: International Human Rights and Islamic Law: Reconciling Conflicts in a Globalized World
items: Islamic Legal Principles and Global Environmental Governance: A Pathway to Sustainable Development

Role of CPEC in Shaping Geopolitics of the Indian Ocean (2014–2024)
type: item
description: From 2014 to 2024, the geopolitical dynamics of the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) have been greatly impacted by the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), a major initiative of China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). This paper investigates how CPEC alters economic interdependence, maritime security, and regional power dynamics. The study investigates strategic alignments between key powers, such as China, Pakistan, India, and the United States, using a qualitative analytical method. The results imply that CPEC is a geostrategic tool that increases China's access to the Arabian Sea, bolsters Pakistan's maritime significance, and heightens regional rivalry rather than only being an economic endeavor (Rahman et al., 2021).
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Shahzadi Ambreen
creator: Muhammad Younis
creator: Muhammad Faisal Shahzad
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Shahzadi Ambreen, Muhammad Younis , Muhammad Faisal Shahzad (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-06-10
publication date: 2024-06-10
starting page: 97
ending page: 104
doi: 10.66320/e535de94

The Role of Unmanned Aerial Systems in Conventional and Asymmetric Battlefields
type: item
description: Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS), commonly known as drones, have transformed the landscape of modern warfare by providing real-time surveillance, precision strikes, and logistical support in both conventional and asymmetric battlefields. Their cost-effectiveness, versatility, and reduced risk to human soldiers make them a critical component of 21st-century military operations. This paper explores the expanding role of UAS, analyzing their strategic importance in state militaries as well as their adoption by non-state actors. The study examines their application in counterterrorism operations, border security, and hybrid conflicts, while also addressing ethical concerns, international regulations, and the threat of proliferation. Case studies from conflicts in the Middle East, South Asia, and Eastern Europe demonstrate how drones are reshaping battlefield dynamics and altering traditional doctrines of warfare. The paper concludes by highlighting the need for robust counter-UAS technologies, legal frameworks, and strategic policies to ensure balanced use of unmanned systems in future conflicts.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Unmanned Aerial Systems; Drones in warfare; Asymmetric conflicts; Counterterrorism; Precision strikes; Military technology; Proliferation; Counter-UAS strategies
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Khalid Mehmood
creator: Dr. Sana Qureshi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2024-03-10
publication date: 2024-03-10
starting page: 42
ending page: 51
doi: 10.66320/va3nzd33

Psychological Operations and Information Warfare: Tools of Influence in the 21st Century
type: item
description: Psychological operations (PsyOps) and information warfare have become decisive tools in shaping perceptions, influencing behavior, and achieving strategic objectives in both conventional and non-conventional conflicts. Unlike traditional combat, these methods target the human cognitive domain, exploiting social, political, and cultural vulnerabilities. This paper investigates the evolution of psychological operations and information warfare, highlighting their application in military campaigns, counterinsurgency efforts, and global political contests. The study examines modern techniques such as disinformation campaigns, propaganda through digital platforms, and the weaponization of social media to destabilize adversaries without direct confrontation. By analyzing notable case studies, including state-sponsored information campaigns and non-state actors’ use of digital propaganda, the research underscores the growing significance of cognitive warfare in the 21st century. The findings reveal the urgent need for ethical guidelines, public awareness, and resilient information ecosystems to mitigate the long-term risks posed by psychological and information warfare.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Psychological operations; Information warfare; Disinformation; Cognitive warfare; Propaganda; Social media influence; Strategic communication; National security
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Usman Ali
creator: Dr. Nadia Farooq
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2024-03-10
publication date: 2024-03-10
starting page: 33
ending page: 41

Hybrid Warfare Tactics: Blending Conventional and Irregular Approaches in Modern Conflicts
type: item
description: Hybrid warfare represents a strategic fusion of conventional military power with irregular tactics, cyber operations, economic pressure, and information campaigns to achieve political and military objectives without engaging in full-scale war. This evolving form of conflict blurs the boundaries between peace and war, challenging traditional defense doctrines and security frameworks. This paper explores the nature of hybrid warfare, analyzing how state and non-state actors employ multi-dimensional strategies to exploit vulnerabilities in adversaries. Case studies such as the Russia–Ukraine conflict and Middle Eastern insurgencies are examined to highlight the practical application of hybrid tactics in contemporary battlefields. The research further investigates the role of media manipulation, disinformation, and proxy groups in amplifying the effectiveness of hybrid operations. The study concludes by emphasizing the need for adaptive defense policies, enhanced intelligence-sharing, and comprehensive national strategies to counter the growing complexities of hybrid warfare in the 21st century.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Hybrid warfare; Conventional conflict; Irregular tactics; Disinformation; Proxy warfare; Cyber operations; Security frameworks; Strategic adaptation
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Ahmed Kamal
creator: Dr. Samina Tariq
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2024-03-10
publication date: 2024-03-10
starting page: 22
ending page: 32

Cyber Warfare as the Fifth Domain: Emerging Challenges and Strategic Responses
type: item
description: Cyber warfare has rapidly evolved into a critical component of modern conflict, positioning cyberspace as the fifth domain of warfare alongside land, sea, air, and space. The growing dependence on digital infrastructure has made states, militaries, and societies increasingly vulnerable to cyber threats, including espionage, sabotage, and misinformation campaigns. This study examines the emerging challenges of cyber warfare, focusing on the complexity of attribution, the blurred lines between state and non-state actors, and the implications of cyber operations on national security. It also explores strategic responses adopted by different nations, including the development of cyber defense doctrines, offensive capabilities, and international cooperation mechanisms. By analyzing case studies of recent cyber conflicts and attacks, the research highlights the importance of resilience, preparedness, and ethical considerations in shaping cyber warfare strategies. The paper concludes with recommendations for building stronger defense infrastructures and fostering global cyber norms to mitigate escalating risks in this evolving domain.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Cyber warfare; Fifth domain; Cybersecurity; Information warfare; National security; Strategic responses; Offensive cyber operations; International cooperation
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Hassan Raza
creator: Dr. Fatima Javed
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2024-03-10
publication date: 2024-03-10
starting page: 11
ending page: 21

Investigating Climatic Impacts on Electric Transmission Infrastructure in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Pakistan (2020-2023)
type: item
description: Pakistan’s energy systems are under increasing stress due to growing demand and the frequency of climatic events. Pakistan’s case is of particular interest due to its diverse climatic zones, heavy reliance on centralised energy systems, and mounting electricity demand. The paper examined how Pakistan’s electrical power transmission systems are impacted by its climate, exploring vulnerabilities and resilience through a mixed-methods approach with a convergent design for comprehensive analysis and deeper understanding. Statistical analysis revealed significant relationships between climatic disruptions on the power system. Resilience calculated by resilience lost index (RLI), estimated down time index (EDTI), mean time to repair (MTTR) and mean time between failures (MTBF) showed a significant loss of resilience due to climatic disruptions. Proportional and qualitative analysis nuanced similar results. The paper highlighted need for enhanced planning, investment in climate-resilient infrastructure, technological incorporations and proactive policy measures to mitigate environmental risks, vulnerabilities and future endeavors in the domain for understanding the behavior of a system.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: climatic impacts
  topic: keywords
subject: energy security
  topic: keywords
subject: interdisciplinary approach
  topic: keywords
subject: sustainable development
  topic: keywords
subject: transmission systems
  topic: keywords
creator: Majid Mohsin 1, Dr. Syedah Sadia Kazmi 2, Muhammad Imran 3
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2024-09-10
publication date: 2024-09-10
starting page: 108
ending page: 140

The Evolution of Guerrilla Warfare: Lessons from Historical Conflicts
type: item
description: Abstract: Guerrilla warfare, a form of irregular combat strategy, has evolved significantly throughout history, adapting to technological advancements, political changes, and military innovations. From early examples in ancient history to modern conflicts, guerrilla warfare remains a potent tool for asymmetric forces confronting conventional military power. This paper explores key historical conflicts that have shaped guerrilla warfare, analyzing tactics, strategies, and lessons learned. Case studies from the American Revolution, Vietnam War, and contemporary insurgencies illustrate how guerrilla warfare adapts to diverse terrains and political contexts. The findings underscore the importance of mobility, local support, and adaptability in the success of guerrilla campaigns.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Guerrilla warfare
  topic: keywords
subject: asymmetric warfare
  topic: keywords
subject: insurgency
  topic: keywords
subject: military strategy
  topic: keywords
subject: unconventional warfare
  topic: keywords
subject: Vietnam War
  topic: keywords
subject: American Revolution
  topic: keywords
subject: adaptability
  topic: keywords
subject: irregular forces
  topic: keywords
subject: local support
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Bruce Bueno de Mesquita
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-10-10
publication date: 2024-10-10
starting page: 99
ending page: 107

Information Warfare and the Battle for Public Perception
type: item
description: Abstract: Information warfare, an evolving dimension of modern conflict, plays a pivotal role in shaping the narratives and perceptions of both national and international audiences. This warfare utilizes a blend of traditional media, social platforms, cyber tools, and psychological operations to manipulate public opinion, influence political outcomes, and destabilize governments. In this context, the battle for public perception is not merely about factual information but about controlling the narrative and framing issues to advance strategic objectives. The blurred lines between truth and propaganda, combined with the speed and reach of digital communications, make information warfare a potent tool in both state and non-state actors' arsenals. This abstract explores the methods, targets, and consequences of information warfare, while examining the ethical and legal challenges posed by its practice in the contemporary world.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Information warfare
  topic: keywords
subject: public perception
  topic: keywords
subject: media manipulation
  topic: keywords
subject: cyber tools
  topic: keywords
subject: propaganda
  topic: keywords
subject: psychological operations
  topic: keywords
creator: Sikander Naseeb
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-10-10
publication date: 2024-10-10
starting page: 88
ending page: 98

Urban Warfare Strategies and Challenges in Dense Population Centers
type: item
description: Abstract: Urban warfare presents unique challenges and strategies due to the complexities of densely populated areas. This paper explores the dynamics of urban conflict, emphasizing the necessity for adaptable military tactics that consider civilian populations, infrastructure, and the urban environment. Analyzing recent case studies from conflict zones, such as Aleppo and Mosul, the study highlights the impact of urban warfare on combat operations, humanitarian considerations, and post-conflict reconstruction. The research underscores the importance of intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) in navigating urban landscapes and mitigating collateral damage. Furthermore, the paper discusses the role of non-state actors and the implications of urban warfare on international humanitarian law. Ultimately, this research aims to contribute to the evolving discourse on urban conflict and inform military strategies for future engagements in urban settings.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Urban warfare
  topic: keywords
subject: dense population centers
  topic: keywords
subject: military strategies
  topic: keywords
subject: civilian impact
  topic: keywords
subject: infrastructure
  topic: keywords
subject: intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: humanitarian considerations
  topic: keywords
subject: non-state actors
  topic: keywords
subject: international humanitarian law
  topic: keywords
creator: Prof. Robert Keohane
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-10-10
publication date: 2024-10-10
starting page: 77
ending page: 87

Private Military Contractors The Rise of Outsourced Warfare
type: item
description: Abstract: The rise of Private Military Contractors (PMCs) has significantly altered the landscape of modern warfare, leading to the outsourcing of traditional military roles once exclusively held by state-controlled armed forces. This shift is driven by various factors, including cost-effectiveness, flexibility, and the increased demand for specialized military expertise. PMCs now operate in conflict zones around the globe, providing services ranging from logistical support to active combat operations. However, their growing presence raises complex legal, ethical, and accountability issues, challenging existing norms of international security and military governance. This paper delves into the factors contributing to the rise of PMCs, the regulatory and accountability gaps they create, and their broader implications for state sovereignty, international law, and conflict resolution. By analyzing prominent case studies and reviewing current regulatory frameworks, this study provides insight into how PMCs are reshaping modern warfare and the potential risks and benefits of their expanding role. The increasing reliance on Private Military Contractors (PMCs) has transformed modern warfare, marking a shift from traditional state-controlled military forces to outsourced combat services. This paper examines the rise of PMCs, exploring their roles in conflict zones, the legal and ethical challenges they pose, and the implications for international security and governance. By analyzing case studies and regulatory frameworks, this study offers a comprehensive understanding of how PMCs impact the nature of warfare and the accountability of military operations in the 21st century.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Private Military Contractors
  topic: keywords
subject: Outsourced Warfare
  topic: keywords
subject: State Sovereignty
  topic: keywords
subject: Accountability
  topic: keywords
subject: International Law
  topic: keywords
subject: Ethical Implications
  topic: keywords
subject: Military Operations
  topic: keywords
subject: Conflict Zones
  topic: keywords
subject: Security Governance
  topic: keywords
creator: Jannat Naseeb
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-10-10
publication date: 2024-10-10
starting page: 66
ending page: 76

The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Modern Warfare
type: item
description: Abstract: The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into modern warfare represents a transformative shift in military strategies and operations. This paper explores the multifaceted roles AI plays in enhancing combat effectiveness, decision-making, and operational efficiency. By examining applications such as autonomous weapons systems, predictive analytics for threat assessment, and AI-driven logistics, the research highlights the potential benefits and challenges associated with AI integration in military contexts. Additionally, ethical considerations surrounding the use of AI in warfare, including accountability, transparency, and the implications for international law, are critically analyzed. The findings indicate that while AI offers significant advantages in operational capabilities, its deployment necessitates a rigorous framework to ensure responsible and ethical usage. Ultimately, this study contributes to the ongoing discourse on the future of warfare and the implications of AI technologies in shaping military strategies.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Artificial Intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: Modern Warfare
  topic: keywords
subject: Autonomous Weapons
  topic: keywords
subject: Military Strategy
  topic: keywords
subject: Predictive Analytics
  topic: keywords
subject: Ethics in Warfare
  topic: keywords
creator: Ali Naseeb
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-10-10
publication date: 2024-10-10
starting page: 56
ending page: 66

Impact of cyber-attacks on national security and international relations
type: item
description: Abstract: Cyber-attacks have emerged as a critical threat to national security and international relations in the 21st century. These attacks, ranging from state-sponsored cyber espionage to ransom ware deployed by non-state actors, challenge traditional notions of sovereignty, defense, and warfare. This paper analyzes the impact of cyber-attacks on national security by examining vulnerabilities in critical infrastructure, economic systems, and military assets. It also explores the implications for international relations, particularly in terms of trust between nations, escalation risks, and the evolution of cyber norms. The study highlights how countries are adapting their security strategies to address these cyber threats and the need for stronger international cooperation and legal frameworks to mitigate the risks posed by this evolving landscape. Cyber-attacks have become a pivotal issue in the domain of national security and international relations, with the potential to disrupt critical infrastructure, undermine governmental authority, and destabilize economies. These attacks, often state-sponsored or carried out by non-state actors, challenge traditional defense mechanisms and blur the lines between peace and conflict. This paper examines the multifaceted impact of cyber-attacks on national security, focusing on vulnerabilities in defense systems, financial institutions, and communication networks. Additionally, it explores the repercussions for international relations, particularly the rising tensions, erosion of trust, and the shift towards cyber diplomacy. The study emphasizes the importance of robust cyber security strategies, international cooperation, and the development of global norms to counter this growing threat.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Cyber-attacks
  topic: keywords
subject: national security
  topic: keywords
subject: international relations
  topic: keywords
subject: critical infrastructure
  topic: keywords
subject: state-sponsored attacks
  topic: keywords
subject: non-state actors
  topic: keywords
subject: cyber-security
  topic: keywords
subject: defense systems
  topic: keywords
subject: cyber diplomacy
  topic: keywords
subject: trust erosion
  topic: keywords
subject: global norms
  topic: keywords
subject: cyber defense strategies
  topic: keywords
creator: Jannat Naseeb
creator: Ahsan Tariq
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-09-10
publication date: 2024-09-10
starting page: 86
ending page: 96

Biological and Chemical Weapons: Contemporary Threats and Responses
type: item
description: Abstract: Biological and chemical weapons (BCW) pose significant contemporary threats to global security, as advancements in science and technology have made their proliferation more feasible. This paper examines the evolving landscape of BCW threats, including state and non-state actors' capabilities and motivations. It highlights key incidents and case studies that illustrate the potential for devastating impacts on civilian populations and ecosystems. Furthermore, the paper analyzes international treaties and response mechanisms, such as the Biological Weapons Convention and the Chemical Weapons Convention, assessing their effectiveness in preventing the use of BCW. The findings underscore the need for enhanced global cooperation, stricter enforcement of regulations, and innovative strategies to mitigate risks associated with these weapons.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Biological Weapons
  topic: keywords
subject: Chemical Weapons
  topic: keywords
subject: Global Security
  topic: keywords
subject: Non-State Actors
  topic: keywords
subject: Proliferation
  topic: keywords
subject: International Treaties
  topic: keywords
subject: Response Mechanisms
  topic: keywords
creator: Jannat Naseeb
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-09-10
publication date: 2024-09-10
starting page: 65
ending page: 75

Counterterrorism Strategies in the Age of Global Insurgency
type: item
description: Abstract: In the context of an evolving global insurgency landscape, counterterrorism strategies must adapt to address the complexities of transnational threats. This paper examines the multifaceted nature of modern terrorism, highlighting the interplay between ideology, technology, and socio-political dynamics that fuel insurgent movements. It analyzes current counterterrorism frameworks and their effectiveness, focusing on intelligence sharing, community engagement, and the role of international cooperation. The study underscores the necessity for innovative approaches that incorporate preventive measures, counter-radicalization efforts, and the integration of non-state actors to build resilient societies. Ultimately, the paper advocates for a holistic and adaptive strategy to effectively combat the challenges posed by global insurgency.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Counterterrorism
  topic: keywords
subject: Global Insurgency
  topic: keywords
subject: Transnational Threats
  topic: keywords
subject: Intelligence Sharing
  topic: keywords
subject: Community Engagement
  topic: keywords
subject: International Cooperation
  topic: keywords
subject: Counter-Radicalization
  topic: keywords
subject: Non-State Actors
  topic: keywords
subject: Resilience
  topic: keywords
subject: Preventive Measures
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Colin Gray
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-09-10
publication date: 2024-09-10
starting page: 56
ending page: 64

Hybrid Warfare: Blurring the Lines Between Conventional and Non-Conventional Tactics
type: item
description: Abstract: Hybrid warfare represents a contemporary approach to conflict that blends conventional military strategies with unconventional tactics, including cyber operations, misinformation, and the use of proxy forces. This phenomenon challenges traditional definitions of warfare, as state and non-state actors increasingly exploit the grey areas between peace and war to achieve their objectives. This paper explores the evolution of hybrid warfare, examining case studies from recent conflicts to highlight the implications for national security and international relations. By analyzing the methods employed in hybrid conflicts, this study aims to elucidate the complexities of modern warfare and provide insights for policymakers and military strategists. The findings suggest that a comprehensive understanding of hybrid warfare is crucial for developing effective counter-strategies that address the multifaceted nature of contemporary threats.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Hybrid Warfare
  topic: keywords
subject: Conventional Tactics
  topic: keywords
subject: Non-Conventional Tactics
  topic: keywords
subject: Cyber Operations
  topic: keywords
subject: Misinformation
  topic: keywords
subject: Proxy Forces
  topic: keywords
subject: National Security
  topic: keywords
subject: International Relations
  topic: keywords
subject: Modern Conflicts
  topic: keywords
subject: Military Strategy
  topic: keywords
creator: Sikander Naseeb
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-09-10
publication date: 2024-09-10
starting page: 46
ending page: 55

Economic Warfare: Sanctions, Embargoes, and their Strategic Use
type: item
description: Economic warfare, encompassing the strategic use of sanctions and embargoes, has emerged as a pivotal tool in international relations. This paper explores the effectiveness, implementation, and implications of economic sanctions and embargoes as instruments of statecraft. By examining historical case studies, including recent sanctions on Russia and Iran, we analyze the intended and unintended consequences of these measures on target nations and global economies. We highlight the complexities surrounding the application of economic warfare, including the challenges of enforcement, the potential for humanitarian impact, and the responses of sanctioned states. Ultimately, this study aims to provide insights into the strategic value of economic warfare in achieving geopolitical objectives, while considering its ethical dimensions.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Economic Warfare
  topic: keywords
subject: Sanctions, Embargoes
  topic: keywords
subject: Statecraft, Geopolitics
  topic: keywords
subject: International Relations
  topic: keywords
subject: Targeted Measures
  topic: keywords
subject: Humanitarian Impact
  topic: keywords
subject: Enforcement Challenges
  topic: keywords
creator: Jannat Naseeb
creator: Tariq Bin Gul
creator: Huda Babur
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-09-10
publication date: 2024-09-10
starting page: 76
ending page: 85

Criminal Justice Reform in Islamic and International Law: Towards a Unified Framework
type: item
description: This study explores the potential for reforming criminal justice systems by examining Islamic and international legal frameworks. The aim is to identify areas where Islamic principles and international norms can be harmonized to create a more effective and just criminal justice system. Islamic law, with its focus on justice, retribution, and rehabilitation, provides a rich perspective on criminal justice that contrasts with international approaches which emphasize human rights, due process, and equitable treatment. By investigating the intersections and divergences between these legal systems, this study seeks to propose a unified framework for criminal justice reform that incorporates elements from both perspectives. Key findings will address how integrating Islamic jurisprudence with international legal standards can address modern criminal justice challenges and enhance the overall efficacy and fairness of legal systems globally.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Islamic Law
  topic: keywords
subject: International Law
  topic: keywords
subject: Criminal Justice Reform
  topic: keywords
subject: Human Rights
  topic: keywords
subject: Legal Integration
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Moonis Ahmar
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-06-10
publication date: 2024-06-10
starting page: 44
ending page: 55

Sovereignty, International Law, and Islamic Governance: A Comparative Analysis
type: item
description: This paper explores the interplay between state sovereignty, international law, and Islamic governance, analyzing how these frameworks interact and sometimes conflict. It examines the principles of state sovereignty and their application within the context of international law, and contrasts these with the governance principles derived from Islamic jurisprudence. The study highlights key areas where Islamic governance intersects with international norms and assesses the implications for global legal frameworks and state practices. By providing a comparative analysis, this research aims to offer insights into how Islamic governance can be reconciled with international legal principles while preserving state sovereignty.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sovereignty
  topic: keywords
subject: International Law, Islamic Governance
  topic: keywords
subject: Comparative Analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Jurisprudence
  topic: keywords
subject: State Sovereignty
  topic: keywords
creator: Huda Babur
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-06-10
publication date: 2024-06-10
starting page: 33
ending page: 43

Cybersecurity and Islamic Law: Navigating the Challenges of the Digital Age
type: item
description: The rise of digital technologies has introduced new challenges in the realm of cybersecurity, necessitating a re-evaluation of traditional legal frameworks. This study explores the intersection of Islamic law and cybersecurity, aiming to understand how Islamic legal principles can address contemporary digital security issues. Islamic law, with its rich tradition of ethical guidelines and regulatory mechanisms, offers unique perspectives on protecting digital assets and ensuring cybersecurity. This paper examines the applicability of Islamic legal concepts such as *hudud* (prescribed punishments), *qisas* (retributive justice), and *ta'zir* (discretionary punishment) in the context of cybersecurity. By analyzing relevant literature and case studies, the study seeks to provide a comprehensive framework for integrating Islamic legal principles into modern cybersecurity practices, offering insights into how these principles can enhance digital security and address emerging threats.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Cybersecurity
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic law
  topic: keywords
subject: digital security
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic jurisprudence
  topic: keywords
subject: legal frameworks
  topic: keywords
subject: cybersecurity challenges
  topic: keywords
creator: Wajahat Naseeb Khan
creator: Haris Khurshid
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-06-10
publication date: 2024-06-10
starting page: 22
ending page: 32

Islamic Perspectives on Climate Change: Legal and Ethical Implications for International Law
type: item
description: This study explores the intersection of Islamic legal principles and international efforts to combat climate change, focusing on how Islamic jurisprudence can contribute to global environmental governance. Islamic teachings emphasize stewardship (khilafah), conservation (ihsan), and justice (adl), which are critical for addressing environmental challenges. The research examines Quranic injunctions, Hadith, and the principles of Sharia as they relate to environmental protection, assessing their potential to influence international climate policies. Through a comprehensive literature review and comparative analysis, this study aims to bridge the gap between Islamic ethical obligations and global environmental norms, providing a framework for integrating Islamic perspectives into international law. The findings suggest that Islamic legal principles offer valuable insights for enhancing global climate change mitigation strategies, promoting sustainability, and fostering a more just and equitable approach to environmental governance.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Islamic jurisprudence
  topic: keywords
subject: climate change
  topic: keywords
subject: international law
  topic: keywords
subject: environmental ethics
  topic: keywords
subject: Sharia
  topic: keywords
subject: sustainability
  topic: keywords
subject: global governance
  topic: keywords
subject: stewardship
  topic: keywords
subject: conservation
  topic: keywords
subject: justice
  topic: keywords
creator: Jannat Naseeb
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-06-10
publication date: 2024-06-10
starting page: 12
ending page: 21

Islamic Criminal Law and International Justice: Balancing Tradition with Global Norms `
type: item
description: Islamic Criminal Law, rooted in Sharia, has been a source of both reverence and controversy in the global context. As the world increasingly embraces international criminal justice norms, the challenge of reconciling Islamic legal traditions with global standards has become more pronounced. This study explores the interaction between Islamic criminal law and international justice systems, focusing on areas of convergence and divergence. It examines the philosophical underpinnings of both systems, the practical implications of their coexistence, and the potential for harmonization in the context of human rights and global justice. By analyzing case studies, legal precedents, and scholarly debates, this research aims to contribute to a nuanced understanding of how Islamic law can be integrated with international legal norms without compromising its core principles.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Islamic criminal law
  topic: keywords
subject: Sharia
  topic: keywords
subject: international justice
  topic: keywords
subject: human rights
  topic: keywords
subject: legal harmonization
  topic: keywords
subject: global norms
  topic: keywords
subject: international criminal justice systems
  topic: keywords
creator: Kiran Nishat
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-06-11
publication date: 2024-06-11
starting page: 1
ending page: 11

Environmental Stewardship in Islamic Jurisprudence: Legal Frameworks for the Future
type: item
description: Environmental stewardship is a crucial aspect of Islamic jurisprudence, emphasizing the ethical management of natural resources and the protection of the environment. This study explores the legal frameworks within Islamic jurisprudence that address environmental issues, focusing on principles derived from the Quran and Hadith. By examining historical interpretations and contemporary applications, this research highlights the alignment of Islamic environmental ethics with global sustainability goals. The study employs a qualitative approach, including literature review and case studies, to evaluate how Islamic legal principles can contribute to modern environmental policies. The findings suggest that Islamic jurisprudence offers a robust framework for environmental stewardship, with potential implications for future legal and policy developments in sustainable resource management.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Environmental Stewardship
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic Jurisprudence
  topic: keywords
subject: Legal Frameworks
  topic: keywords
subject: Sustainability
  topic: keywords
subject: Quran
  topic: keywords
subject: Hadith
  topic: keywords
creator: Jannat Naseeb
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-03-10
publication date: 2024-03-10
starting page: 34
ending page: 45

The Role of Islamic Finance in Global Economic Stability and Security
type: item
description: Islamic finance, adhering to Sharia law, offers a unique alternative to conventional financial systems, emphasizing principles like risk-sharing, asset-backing, and ethical investing. This paper explores how Islamic finance contributes to global economic stability and security, investigating its role in mitigating financial crises and promoting sustainable development. By analyzing recent literature and case studies, the study highlights the strengths of Islamic finance in fostering resilience and inclusivity within the global financial system. The findings suggest that while Islamic finance presents promising benefits, its integration into the global economy requires addressing certain regulatory and operational challenges. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms through which Islamic finance impacts economic stability and offers recommendations for future research and practice.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Islamic finance
  topic: keywords
subject: global economic stability
  topic: keywords
subject: risk-sharing
  topic: keywords
subject: ethical investment
  topic: keywords
subject: financial security
  topic: keywords
subject: Sharia law
  topic: keywords
creator: Memoona sadaf
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-03-10
publication date: 2024-03-10
starting page: 24
ending page: 33

International Human Rights and Islamic Law: Reconciling Conflicts in a Globalized World
type: item
description: This study explores the reconciliation of international human rights norms with Islamic law in a globalized world. It investigates the points of conflict and convergence between international human rights standards and Islamic jurisprudence, focusing on how these frameworks can be harmonized to promote global justice while respecting cultural and religious differences. Through a review of existing literature and case studies, the research identifies key areas where conflicts arise and proposes strategies for integrating Islamic legal principles with international human rights obligations. The study aims to contribute to the development of a more inclusive and culturally sensitive approach to human rights that respects both global standards and Islamic values.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Islamic law
  topic: keywords
subject: International human rights
  topic: keywords
subject: Globalization
  topic: keywords
subject: Human rights reconciliation
  topic: keywords
subject: Cultural sensitivity
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic jurisprudence
  topic: keywords
subject: Legal harmonization
  topic: keywords
subject: International standards
  topic: keywords
creator: Samreen Tahir
creator: Kiren Nishat
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-03-10
publication date: 2024-03-10
starting page: 15
ending page: 23

Islamic Legal Principles and Global Environmental Governance: A Pathway to Sustainable Development
type: item
description: This article explores the intersection of Islamic legal principles and global environmental governance, highlighting how Islamic jurisprudence can contribute to sustainable development. Islamic law, or Shariah, emphasizes the stewardship of the earth (khalifah) and the ethical use of natural resources (amana), aligning closely with contemporary environmental sustainability goals. The article examines key Islamic legal concepts such as hisbah (accountability), haram (prohibition of harm), and mizan (balance), and their relevance to global environmental challenges like climate change, biodiversity loss, and resource depletion. By integrating Islamic legal principles with international environmental governance frameworks, the article proposes a holistic approach to achieving sustainability. This approach not only respects religious and cultural values but also enhances the effectiveness of global environmental policies. The article concludes by advocating for greater inclusion of Islamic legal perspectives in international environmental law, suggesting that such integration could foster more equitable and culturally sensitive solutions to global environmental crises.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Islamic law
  topic: keywords
subject: Environmental governance
  topic: keywords
subject: Sustainable development
  topic: keywords
subject: Shariah
  topic: keywords
subject: Climate change
  topic: keywords
subject: Biodiversity
  topic: keywords
subject: Resource management
  topic: keywords
subject: International law
  topic: keywords
subject: Cultural sensitivity
  topic: keywords
subject: Global environmental policy
  topic: keywords
creator: Kiren Nishat, Samreen Tahir
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-03-10
publication date: 2024-03-10
starting page: 1
ending page: 14