Biological and Chemical Weapons: Contemporary Threats and Responses

Abstract

Biological and chemical weapons (BCW) pose significant contemporary threats to global security, as advancements in science and technology have made their proliferation more feasible. This paper examines the evolving landscape of BCW threats, including state and non-state actors' capabilities and motivations. It highlights key incidents and case studies that illustrate the potential for devastating impacts on civilian populations and ecosystems. Furthermore, the paper analyzes international treaties and response mechanisms, such as the Biological Weapons Convention and the Chemical Weapons Convention, assessing their effectiveness in preventing the use of BCW. The findings underscore the need for enhanced global cooperation, stricter enforcement of regulations, and innovative strategies to mitigate risks associated with these weapons.