Legal Mechanisms to Protect Vulnerable Populations in Times of Crisis: From Pandemics to Climate Events
Mots-clés :
vulnerable populations, legal mechanisms, crisis management, pandemics, climate events, human rights, public health law, disaster management, equity, community engagement, participatory governance, accountability, resilience, legal reformRésumé
Abstract
This paper examines the legal frameworks designed to protect vulnerable populations during crises, specifically focusing on pandemics and climate-related events. Vulnerable populations, including low-income communities, the elderly, and marginalized groups, often face disproportionate risks during emergencies. The analysis begins with a review of international, national, and local legal instruments, such as human rights law, public health regulations, and disaster management policies, assessing their effectiveness and adequacy in safeguarding these populations. The paper highlights case studies from various jurisdictions that illustrate both successful and inadequate legal responses during the COVID-19 pandemic and recent climate disasters. Key challenges identified include the lack of inclusivity in legal provisions, insufficient coordination among agencies, and the need for adaptive legal mechanisms that address the evolving nature of crises. Furthermore, the paper emphasizes the role of community engagement and participatory governance in enhancing the effectiveness of legal protections. Recommendations for reform are proposed, advocating for the integration of equity considerations into crisis management laws and the establishment of robust monitoring and accountability mechanisms. By drawing on lessons learned from past crises, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive framework for enhancing legal protections for vulnerable populations, ensuring their resilience and rights are prioritized in future emergencies.
