Advancements in Single-Cell Sequencing: Insights into Cellular Heterogeneity and Function

Resumen

Single-cell sequencing (SCS) has revolutionized our understanding of cellular heterogeneity and function. By profiling individual cells, SCS provides unprecedented insights into complex biological systems. This review delves into recent advancements in SCS technologies, including droplet-based and plate-based methods, as well as emerging multi-omic approaches. We discuss how SCS has been applied to diverse fields, such as developmental biology, immunology, and cancer research. Key applications include identifying rare cell populations, tracing cellular lineages, and uncovering the molecular mechanisms underlying cellular diversity. Despite significant progress, challenges remain, including data analysis and interpretation, standardization of protocols, and cost-effectiveness. Future directions in SCS research aim to further improve sensitivity, throughput, and the integration of multiple omics data types. By addressing these challenges and continuing to push the boundaries of technology, SCS holds the potential to transform our understanding of cellular biology and disease.