Advances in Cancer Screening and Early Diagnosis: A Focus on Low-Resource Settings

Abstract

Cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with early detection playing a critical role in improving survival rates. However, low-resource settings face significant challenges in implementing effective cancer screening and diagnostic programs due to financial constraints, limited healthcare infrastructure, and a shortage of trained professionals. This paper explores recent advancements in cancer screening and early diagnosis, particularly in resource-limited environments. Innovative, cost-effective screening techniques, such as liquid biopsy, artificial intelligence-assisted imaging, and point-of-care diagnostic tools, have shown promise in enhancing early cancer detection. Mobile health (mHealth) solutions and telemedicine have also improved accessibility by enabling remote consultations and digital pathology analysis. Additionally, the adaptation of self-sampling techniques, such as HPV testing for cervical cancer, has increased screening participation among underserved populations. The development of portable diagnostic devices and machine learning algorithms for automated image analysis has further enhanced diagnostic accuracy while reducing reliance on specialized personnel. Despite these innovations, challenges such as logistical barriers, cultural stigma, and insufficient funding remain obstacles to widespread implementation. This study emphasizes the need for global health initiatives, government support, and public-private partnerships to bridge the gap in cancer detection services. By integrating emerging technologies with community-based health programs, it is possible to develop sustainable, scalable solutions that improve early cancer diagnosis in low-resource settings. Addressing these challenges will contribute to reducing the global burden of cancer and improving health equity.