Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study on Prevalence and Risk Factors

Abstract

Obesity and metabolic syndrome have emerged as significant global health concerns due to their strong association with cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, and other chronic conditions. This cross-sectional study examines the prevalence and risk factors of obesity and metabolic syndrome among different demographic groups, considering genetic predisposition, lifestyle choices, and socioeconomic influences. The study analyzes data from a diverse population sample, evaluating body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, lipid profile, and glucose levels to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Findings indicate a rising trend in obesity rates, particularly among urban populations with sedentary lifestyles and high-calorie dietary patterns. Furthermore, metabolic syndrome is observed more frequently in individuals with lower physical activity levels, poor dietary habits, and a family history of diabetes or cardiovascular disease. Socioeconomic factors such as income level, education, and access to healthcare also play a crucial role in the development of these conditions. The study highlights the need for targeted public health interventions, including nutritional education, physical activity promotion, and policy-driven efforts to curb unhealthy food consumption. A multidisciplinary approach that integrates medical, nutritional, and behavioral strategies is essential for preventing and managing obesity and metabolic syndrome. The findings contribute to a growing body of research that underscores the urgency of early detection, lifestyle modification, and healthcare accessibility to mitigate the long-term health risks associated with these conditions.