Comparative Study of Traditional vs. Laser-Assisted Root Canal Disinfection Techniques

Abstract

Abstract:
The effectiveness of root canal disinfection is critical to the success of endodontic treatment. This study aims to compare traditional disinfection methods with laser-assisted techniques, evaluating their efficacy in eliminating microbial contamination from the root canal system. Traditional methods, including chemical irrigation with sodium hypochlorite and ultrasonic activation, have long been the standard in endodontics. However, advancements in laser technology, particularly in the application of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er) and diode lasers, have shown promise in enhancing disinfection outcomes. This study employed a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing literature, focusing on in vitro and clinical trials that compared microbial reduction rates, post-operative pain, and healing outcomes associated with both techniques. Findings indicated that laser-assisted disinfection exhibited a statistically significant reduction in bacterial load compared to traditional methods, suggesting improved efficacy in sterilizing complex canal systems. Furthermore, patient-reported outcomes revealed reduced post-operative discomfort following laser treatment. However, the analysis also identified limitations, including variability in study methodologies and the need for standardized protocols for laser application. The results underscore the potential of integrating laser technology into routine endodontic practice, while also highlighting the necessity for further research to establish comprehensive guidelines. Ultimately, this comparative study provides valuable insights into optimizing root canal disinfection protocols, aiming to improve clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction.