Biocompatible Restorative Materials: Innovations for Aesthetic and Durable Outcomes

Resumen

Biocompatible restorative materials are essential for modern dentistry, allowing for the restoration and replacement of oral tissues while maintaining the physiological functioning of surrounding tissues. These materials must be biocompatible, meaning they do not provoke injury from immunological reactions, inflammation, or toxicity when interacting with the body. Biocompatible materials, such as ceramics, glass ionomer cements, and composite resins, are widely used in restorative dentistry to produce crowns, veneers, and inlays and onlays. Composite resins can be precisely color-matched to natural teeth, providing an appearance of seamless teeth, and also provide exceptional aesthetic results. They reinforce remaining tissue of teeth by virtue of their strong bond with the tooth structure. Fluoride is released by glass ionomer cements, which is advantageous for those that suffered from dental caries and serves to avoid secondary caries. They also chemically bind to dentin and enamel to give them more strength. Crowns and bridges are made of ceramic materials, such as lithium disilicate and porcelain, that possess an excellent aesthetic besides being biocompatible and durable. These materials are crucial in prosthodontics for producing crowns, bridges, dentures, and dental implants. Titanium is often used for dental implants because it is biocompatible and can osseointegrate with adjacent bone tissue. This combination provides a solid base for prosthetic devices. Zirconia is being used more frequently for prosthetic devices due to its exceptional strength and aesthetics.