The Breath of the Merciful: Creation and Existence in Sufi Cosmology

Abstract

Sufi cosmology presents a profound understanding of creation and existence, rooted in the concept of Nafas al-Rahman (the Breath of the Merciful), which describes the process through which divine existence manifests in the cosmos. This paper explores how Sufi metaphysics interprets creation as an unfolding of divine attributes, emphasizing the unity (Tawhid) between the Creator and creation. Drawing from the works of Ibn Arabi, Rumi, and Al-Ghazali, this study examines how the Breath of the Merciful serves as the divine act that brings all existence into being while maintaining an intrinsic connection to the divine essence. In this framework, reality is viewed as a continuous emanation from the divine presence, with all beings participating in a dynamic process of self-disclosure (Tajalli). The concept of Wahdat al-Wujud (Unity of Being) further illustrates the seamless relationship between the seen and unseen realms, revealing that creation is not separate from God but an expression of divine mercy. The hierarchical structure of existence, from the divine intellect to the material world, is reflected in Sufi teachings, which guide spiritual seekers toward self-purification and ultimate reunion with the divine source. This study highlights the relevance of Sufi cosmology in contemporary spiritual discourse, offering insights into the relationship between metaphysics, consciousness, and divine love. By understanding creation as an expression of divine mercy, Sufi cosmology provides a holistic vision that bridges theology, mysticism, and existential philosophy, reinforcing the interconnectedness of all existence.