Science as Worship: The Integration of Knowledge and Faith in the Islamic Worldview

Abstract

In the Islamic worldview, the pursuit of knowledge is regarded as an act of worship, deeply rooted in the Qur’anic injunctions that emphasize learning, reflection, and inquiry. Science and faith are not seen as opposing forces but as complementary dimensions of understanding the universe and fulfilling human purpose. The Qur’an encourages exploration of the natural world as a means to recognize divine wisdom, making scientific inquiry a form of devotion. Historically, the Islamic Golden Age (8th–15th century) exemplified this integration, where scholars such as Al-Farabi, Ibn Sina, and Al-Khwarizmi advanced fields like medicine, mathematics, and astronomy within an Islamic epistemological framework. This synthesis of knowledge and spirituality fostered innovation and intellectual flourishing. In contemporary times, however, a perceived dichotomy between science and religion has emerged, challenging the traditional Islamic perspective. Addressing this divide requires a revival of the holistic approach that views scientific discovery as a means of understanding divine creation. This paper explores the theological foundations that support the integration of science and faith in Islam, the historical contributions of Muslim scholars, and the implications of rediscovering this synergy in modern scientific discourse. By aligning scientific progress with spiritual ethics, Muslim societies can foster a knowledge-driven culture that upholds both scientific rigor and religious values. Future discussions should focus on curriculum reforms, interdisciplinary research, and ethical considerations in scientific advancements to reinforce the concept of science as an act of worship.